Emotional Wellbeing in Adolescents Living With Chronic Conditions: A Metasynthesis of the Qualitative Literature

Abstract

Adolescents living with chronic conditions (ALWCCs) are at a higher risk of suicide (odds ratio: 4.3) than their peers. No consensus exists in the scientific community on a definition or conceptual elements of emotional well-being in this vulnerable population, hindering informed interventional research. This study investigated the meaning of emotional well-being in ALWCCs. A systematic metasynthesis of the qualitative literature was performed and structured using ENTREQ guidelines for reporting qualitative metasynthesis. A final sample of 11 primary qualitative studies met inclusion criteria and was critically analyzed using a team-based thematic synthesis and reciprocal translation approach. The meaning of emotional well-being in ALWCCs is having positive relationships that ease loss, foster hope and resilience, and promote self-efficacy and self-actualization. The role of healthcare providers as a safe, stable nurturing relationship which promotes hope and positive body image emerges an area for future research. Spirituality as it relates to emotional well-being in this population is scarce in the qualitative literature and should be further explored.